Contrast&comparison paragraph. Olha Vynohradova

       According to paleoanthropology, modern humans belong to the genus Homo, as well as their earlier now-extinct species. Most of them, including Australophitecus afarensis, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, and Homo heidelbergensis, have been proposed as the direct ancestors of the Homo sapiens (modern human). Homo neanderthalensis is considered to be the closest relative of the earliest Homo sapiens but it is accepted that he was not involved in the evolution of modern humans. Both Homo neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens are hominids, but some of their features are different. Cranial capacity is the main difference between Neanderthal and Sapiens, where the first had 1100 – 1700 cm³ and the second–1500-2000 cm³. Cranial capacity is important not only for indicating potential intelligence of those species, but also for showing their special abilities, like Neanderthal`s life in a colder environment. The further portion of differences is connected with facial cranium. Homo neanderthalensis had big face, great nose, superciliary relief, receding chin, and prominent jaw; whereas Homo sapiens is known for his high cranium, developed frontal lobes, prominent chin that indicates development of speech, and rather smaller facial features compared to Neanderthal. The stature of Homo neanderthalensis was stubby and broad with great prominent thorax that was due to the cold climate where he lived. On the other hand, Homo sapiens had delicate stature as modern humans. Nevertheless, both of them had similar height, which was 160-170 cm. Described distinctions are essential for current discussion about the role of Neanderthal in anthropogenesis.  

(According to Segeda 137-150 and Sytnyk 80,107)

References:
Segeda, Sergii. Anthropology. Kyiv: Lybid`, 2009. Print.
Sytnyk, Olexandr. Cultural anthropology: human and society origins. Lviv: Lviv polytechnic press, 2012. Print.